Infertility is a medical condition characterized by the inability to conceive a child despite regular, unprotected sexual intercourse for a year or longer. Both men and women can experience infertility, and it can be caused by various factors such as hormonal imbalances, reproductive organ issues, age, or lifestyle factors. Infertility is a common concern, affecting couples worldwide, but with advancements in medical science, many causes are treatable.
If you've been actively trying to conceive for a year without success (or six months if you're over 35), it's advisable to seek help. However, individuals with known reproductive health issues, irregular menstrual cycles, or conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may consider consulting a healthcare professional sooner.
Diagnosis involves a series of tests for both partners. These may include hormonal evaluations, imaging studies, semen analysis for men, and assessments of ovulation and reproductive organ health for women.
Common causes include ovulation disorders, issues with the fallopian tubes or uterus, endometriosis, and age-related factors. Hormonal imbalances, such as those seen in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), can also contribute.
Male infertility can result from issues with sperm production, motility, or structural abnormalities. Factors like age, lifestyle choices, and underlying medical conditions can also play a role.